It used to be a skill of Social Climbers a key skill was that of name dropping.
Now it is a question of core phrase dropping during difficult technical discussion.
When at loggerheads it is always wise to know such phrases as
1) that is why it is time to upgrade to the new Microsoft Vista
2) Do you realize that they went to the moon on 8 k. of memory?
3) That idea has merit
4) They were discussing that very issue and exploit on that most popular podcast or blog, Time magazine, People magazine, New York or LA Times or the Economist.
The Economist magazine is always best. It is widely held in stead by left wing types.
It comes out weekly and covers the full waterfront. Best the stories seem to hold hidden jewels on rereads and it is impossible for anyone to have fully read any issue.
5) Dvorak’s Law in 1987 was “That no matter what they say your new computer is going to cost you $ 3,000”.
6) We should have never upgraded to ….
7) In the end functionality is everything
8) They should conduct a thorough study on that very relevant topic
9) HUD came to a similar conclusion after Katrina
10) Will this work cross platform
11) Do you realize that there is more English speaking in China than in all of North America?
12) I could not understand the accent of the tech support person on the toll free tech support line
13) It is available online at the FAQ at jerkbossesihaveknown
14) Yes that is the tact initiated by Windows NT
15) I remember this very topic in a discussion the Staples or Best Buy in store tech
16) Mr. Henry Ford on the tech support line from Banglore India answered that well very well and succintly
17) Do you realize that all software conflicts arise from the poor typewriting skills of software engineers who as well talk fast and drink too much coffee?
18) Is this driver available for this device for the Windows Vista operating system?
19) Biodiesel is the way to go. Biodiesel is the wave of the future.
20) Has this issue been followed up? A ticket written ?
21) We cannot have that here.
22) Bloated code
23) In the end economics simply comes down to supply and demand
24) There is identical to a Dilbert cartoon.
25) Those who cannot do manage. Let them down and spend some time in the front lines.
26) It never hurts to be conservative in these matters/
27) Experience is the key teacher in life
28) Are we properly currently licensed for this product?
29) Its simply a computer virus, spyware or malware
30) This will all end with crying.
Showing posts with label order. Show all posts
Showing posts with label order. Show all posts
Tuesday, December 30, 2008
Friday, December 26, 2008
How To Become a Cisco CCNP
Congratulations on your decision to earn your CCNP certification! As a CCIE, I can tell you that Cisco certifications are both financially and personally rewarding.
To earn your CCNP, you first have to earn your CCNA certification. Then you're faced with a decision - take the three-exam CCNP path, or the four-exam path? They're both quite demanding, so let's take a look at each path.
The four-exam CCNP path includes the Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks exam (BSCI), Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks exam (BCMSN), Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN), and Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting (CIT) exam.
The three-exam path combines the BSCI and BCMSN exams into a single exam, called the Composite exam.
I'm often asked what order I recommend taking the exams in. After earning your CCNA, I recommend you begin studying for the BSCI exam immediately. You will find the fundamentals you learned in your CCNA studies will help you a great deal with this exam. You're going to add to your CCNA knowledgebase quite a bit when it comes to OSPF and EIGRP, as well as being introduced to BGP.
I don't have a preference between the BCMSN and BCRAN exams, but I do recommend you take the CIT exam last. You'll be using all the skills you learned in the first three exams to pass the CIT. It's a very demanding exam, and it's a little hard to troubleshoot technologies that you haven't learned yet!
The CCNP is both financially and personally fulfilling. Once you complete your CCNA studies, take a little breather and then get started on your CCNP studies. The more you know, the more valuable you are in today's ever-changing IT job market.
To earn your CCNP, you first have to earn your CCNA certification. Then you're faced with a decision - take the three-exam CCNP path, or the four-exam path? They're both quite demanding, so let's take a look at each path.
The four-exam CCNP path includes the Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks exam (BSCI), Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks exam (BCMSN), Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN), and Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting (CIT) exam.
The three-exam path combines the BSCI and BCMSN exams into a single exam, called the Composite exam.
I'm often asked what order I recommend taking the exams in. After earning your CCNA, I recommend you begin studying for the BSCI exam immediately. You will find the fundamentals you learned in your CCNA studies will help you a great deal with this exam. You're going to add to your CCNA knowledgebase quite a bit when it comes to OSPF and EIGRP, as well as being introduced to BGP.
I don't have a preference between the BCMSN and BCRAN exams, but I do recommend you take the CIT exam last. You'll be using all the skills you learned in the first three exams to pass the CIT. It's a very demanding exam, and it's a little hard to troubleshoot technologies that you haven't learned yet!
The CCNP is both financially and personally fulfilling. Once you complete your CCNA studies, take a little breather and then get started on your CCNP studies. The more you know, the more valuable you are in today's ever-changing IT job market.
Thursday, December 25, 2008
Cisco Certification: In What Order Should You Take Your CCNP Exams ?
When you choose to pursue your Cisco Certified Network Professional certification, you've got some decisions to make right at the beginning. Cisco offers a three-exam path and a four-exam path, and you select the order in which you'll take and pass the exams.
While every CCNP candidate has to make their own decision, I'd like to share some thoughts based on my personal experience and the experiences of CCNPs worldwide.
The solid foundation of networking knowledge you built as a CCNA will help you a great deal on your BSCI (Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks, 642-801) exam. This is the most common exam to take first, and I'd recommend you do so as well. While there are some topics that will be new to you, such as BGP, many of the BSCI topics will be familiar to you from your CCNA studies.
The "middle" exams are the BCMSN (Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks, 642-811) and BCRAN (Building Cisco Remote Access Networks, 642-821). There is no real advantage in taking one of these before the other, although most candidates take the switching exam, then the remote access exam.
I do recommend you take the CIT (Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting) exam last. This exam will demand you put into action the skills you have learned while earning your CCNA and passing the first three exams. Again, it's not written in stone and there are always exceptions, but CCNP candidates do seem to have more success on this exam when they take it last.
Should you choose the three-exam path, you'll be taking a Composite exam (642-891). This exam combines the BSCI and BCMSN exams, and it's best to take this one first. It builds nicely with your CCNA skills.
Again, I would take the BCRAN exam after the Composite, and t
he Troubleshooting exam last.
Whichever path you choose, you've chosen wisely in which certification to pursue. The CCNP is a true test of your networking skills, and when you make the decision to go after the CCIE, you'll be glad to have the solid foundation of networking skills your CCNA and CCNP studies gave you.
While every CCNP candidate has to make their own decision, I'd like to share some thoughts based on my personal experience and the experiences of CCNPs worldwide.
The solid foundation of networking knowledge you built as a CCNA will help you a great deal on your BSCI (Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks, 642-801) exam. This is the most common exam to take first, and I'd recommend you do so as well. While there are some topics that will be new to you, such as BGP, many of the BSCI topics will be familiar to you from your CCNA studies.
The "middle" exams are the BCMSN (Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks, 642-811) and BCRAN (Building Cisco Remote Access Networks, 642-821). There is no real advantage in taking one of these before the other, although most candidates take the switching exam, then the remote access exam.
I do recommend you take the CIT (Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting) exam last. This exam will demand you put into action the skills you have learned while earning your CCNA and passing the first three exams. Again, it's not written in stone and there are always exceptions, but CCNP candidates do seem to have more success on this exam when they take it last.
Should you choose the three-exam path, you'll be taking a Composite exam (642-891). This exam combines the BSCI and BCMSN exams, and it's best to take this one first. It builds nicely with your CCNA skills.
Again, I would take the BCRAN exam after the Composite, and t
he Troubleshooting exam last.
Whichever path you choose, you've chosen wisely in which certification to pursue. The CCNP is a true test of your networking skills, and when you make the decision to go after the CCIE, you'll be glad to have the solid foundation of networking skills your CCNA and CCNP studies gave you.
Cisco CCNP Certification: The BGP Weight Attribute
When you're studying for the CCNP certification, especially the BSCI exam, you must gain a solid understanding of BGP. BGP isn't just one of the biggest topics on the BSCI exam, it's one of the largest. BGP has a great many details that must be mastered for BSCI success, and those of you with one eye on the CCIE must learn the fundamentals of BGP now in order to build on those fundamentals at a later time.
Path attributes are a unique feature of BGP. With interior gateway protocols such as OSPF and EIGRP, administrative distance is used as a tiebreaker when two routes to the same destination had different next-hop IP addresses but the same prefix length. BGP uses path attributes to make this choice.
The first attribute considered by BGP is weight. Weight is a Cisco-proprietary BGP attribute, so if you're working in a multivendor environment you should work with another attribute to influence path selection.
The weight attribute is significant only to the router on which it is changed. If you set a higher weight for a particular route in order to give it preference (a higher weight is preferred over a lower one), that weight is not advertised to other routers.
BGP uses categories such as "transitive", "non-transitive", "mandatory", and "optional" to classify attributes. Since weight is a locally significant Cisco-proprietary attribute, it does not all into any of these categories.
The weight can be changed on a single route via a route-map, or it can be set for a different weight for all routes received from a given neighbor. To change the weight for all incoming routes, use the "weight" option with the neighbor command after forming the BGP peer relationships.
R2(config)#router bgp 100
R2(config-router)#neighbor 100.1.1.1 remote-as 10
R2(config-router)#neighbor 100.1.1.1 weight 200
Learning all of the BGP attributes, as well as when to use them, can seem an overwhelming task when you first start studying for your BSCI and CCNP exams. Break this task down into small parts, learn one attribute at a time, and soon you'll have the BGP attributes mastered.
Path attributes are a unique feature of BGP. With interior gateway protocols such as OSPF and EIGRP, administrative distance is used as a tiebreaker when two routes to the same destination had different next-hop IP addresses but the same prefix length. BGP uses path attributes to make this choice.
The first attribute considered by BGP is weight. Weight is a Cisco-proprietary BGP attribute, so if you're working in a multivendor environment you should work with another attribute to influence path selection.
The weight attribute is significant only to the router on which it is changed. If you set a higher weight for a particular route in order to give it preference (a higher weight is preferred over a lower one), that weight is not advertised to other routers.
BGP uses categories such as "transitive", "non-transitive", "mandatory", and "optional" to classify attributes. Since weight is a locally significant Cisco-proprietary attribute, it does not all into any of these categories.
The weight can be changed on a single route via a route-map, or it can be set for a different weight for all routes received from a given neighbor. To change the weight for all incoming routes, use the "weight" option with the neighbor command after forming the BGP peer relationships.
R2(config)#router bgp 100
R2(config-router)#neighbor 100.1.1.1 remote-as 10
R2(config-router)#neighbor 100.1.1.1 weight 200
Learning all of the BGP attributes, as well as when to use them, can seem an overwhelming task when you first start studying for your BSCI and CCNP exams. Break this task down into small parts, learn one attribute at a time, and soon you'll have the BGP attributes mastered.
Wednesday, December 24, 2008
Cisco CCNA Certification Exam Tutorial: Access List Details You Must Know!
To pass the CCNA exam, you have to be able to write and troubleshoot access lists. As you climb the ladder toward the CCNP and CCIE, you'll see more and more uses for ACLs. Therefore, you had better know the basics!
The use of "host" and "any" confuses some newcomers to ACLs, so let's take a look at that first.
It is acceptable to configure a wildcard mask of all ones or all zeroes. A wildcard mask of 0.0.0.0 means the address specified in the ACL line must be matched exactly a wildcard mask of 255.255.255.255 means that all addresses will match the line.
Wildcard masks have the option of using the word host to represent a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.0. Consider a configuration where only packets from IP source 10.1.1.1 should be allowed and all other packets denied. The following ACLs both do that.
R3#conf t
R3(config)#access-list 6 permit 10.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
R3(config)#conf t
R3(config)#access-list 7 permit host 10.1.1.1
The keyword any can be used to represent a wildcard mask of 255.255.255.255.
R3(config)#access-list 15 permit any
Another often overlooked detail is the order of the lines in an ACL. Even in a two- or three-line ACL, the order of the lines in an ACL is vital.
Consider a situation where packets sourced from 172.18.18.0 /24 will be denied, but all others will be permitted. The following ACL would do that.
R3#conf t
R3(config)#access-list 15 deny 172.18.18.0 0.0.0.255
R3(config)#access-list 15 permit any
The previous example also illustrates the importance of configuring the ACL with the lines in the correct order to get the desired results. What would be the result if the lines were reversed?
R3#conf t
R3(config)#access-list 15 permit any
R3(config)#access-list 15 deny 172.18.18.0 0.0.0.255
If the lines were reversed, traffic from 172.18.18.0 /24 would be matched against the first line of the ACL. The first line is “permit any", meaning all traffic is permitted. The traffic from 172.18.18.0/24 matches that line, the traffic is permitted, and the ACL stops running. The statement denying the traffic from 172.18.18.0 is never run.
The key to writing and troubleshoot access lists is to take just an extra moment to read it over and make sure it's going to do what you intend it to do. It's better to realize your mistake on paper instead of once the ACL's been applied to an interface!
The use of "host" and "any" confuses some newcomers to ACLs, so let's take a look at that first.
It is acceptable to configure a wildcard mask of all ones or all zeroes. A wildcard mask of 0.0.0.0 means the address specified in the ACL line must be matched exactly a wildcard mask of 255.255.255.255 means that all addresses will match the line.
Wildcard masks have the option of using the word host to represent a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.0. Consider a configuration where only packets from IP source 10.1.1.1 should be allowed and all other packets denied. The following ACLs both do that.
R3#conf t
R3(config)#access-list 6 permit 10.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
R3(config)#conf t
R3(config)#access-list 7 permit host 10.1.1.1
The keyword any can be used to represent a wildcard mask of 255.255.255.255.
R3(config)#access-list 15 permit any
Another often overlooked detail is the order of the lines in an ACL. Even in a two- or three-line ACL, the order of the lines in an ACL is vital.
Consider a situation where packets sourced from 172.18.18.0 /24 will be denied, but all others will be permitted. The following ACL would do that.
R3#conf t
R3(config)#access-list 15 deny 172.18.18.0 0.0.0.255
R3(config)#access-list 15 permit any
The previous example also illustrates the importance of configuring the ACL with the lines in the correct order to get the desired results. What would be the result if the lines were reversed?
R3#conf t
R3(config)#access-list 15 permit any
R3(config)#access-list 15 deny 172.18.18.0 0.0.0.255
If the lines were reversed, traffic from 172.18.18.0 /24 would be matched against the first line of the ACL. The first line is “permit any", meaning all traffic is permitted. The traffic from 172.18.18.0/24 matches that line, the traffic is permitted, and the ACL stops running. The statement denying the traffic from 172.18.18.0 is never run.
The key to writing and troubleshoot access lists is to take just an extra moment to read it over and make sure it's going to do what you intend it to do. It's better to realize your mistake on paper instead of once the ACL's been applied to an interface!
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